Overview
Understanding Relationship Testing
CARIGEN uses up to 23 DNA markers to produce a comprehensive genetic profile. These tests can be used for child support proceedings, estate settlement, immigration applications, and more.
All tests are available in two formats — Personal (for informational purposes) and Legal (court-admissible, with full chain-of-custody documentation).
Personal Testing
For personal knowledge only. Self-collection kits available. Results are confidential but not admissible in legal proceedings.
Legal Testing
Court-admissible results. Must be collected at authorized sites by trained phlebotomists. Requires passport photo, government-issued ID, and fingerprinting. Suitable for court cases, immigration, and name change proceedings.
Test Types
Available Relationship Tests
Choose the test that best fits your relationship question. Not sure? Contact us and we’ll guide you.
01
Legal Paternity Test
Uses 22 DNA markers. For court cases, name changes and immigration applications. Requires collection at an authorized site with ID verification and fingerprinting.
Legal Format Available
02
Personal Paternity Test
For personal knowledge only. Self-collection available with a home kit. Highly accurate results delivered in 3–5 business days.
Personal Format
03
DNA Maternity Test
Confirms the biological mother-child relationship. Useful for immigration, adoption verification, and inheritance cases.
Legal Format Available
04
Siblingship Test
Determines whether two individuals share one or both biological parents. Results given as a probability index.
Personal & Legal
05
Grandparentage Test
Used when one parent is unavailable for direct testing. Establishes relationship through grandparent’s DNA profile.
Personal & Legal
06
Aunt / Uncle Test
Avuncular DNA test to determine if an individual is the biological aunt or uncle of a child. Used when parents cannot be tested.
Personal & Legal
07
Twin Testing
Determines whether twins are identical (monozygotic) or fraternal (dizygotic) using a comprehensive DNA comparison.
Personal & Legal
08
Y-STR Testing
Paternal lineage testing. The Y chromosome is passed exclusively from father to son, allowing tracing of the paternal line across generations.
Personal & Legal
09
Deceased / Unusual Samples
Paternity testing using tissue from a deceased participant, or hair and cells from personal items. Samples are verified for usable DNA first (7–10 working days).
Personal & Legal
The Science
How DNA Paternity Works
Inheritance of DNA
Every person inherits approximately half of their DNA from their biological father and half from their biological mother. By comparing the DNA profiles of the child, alleged father, and mother, we can determine with statistical certainty whether a biological relationship exists.
Y-STR & Mitochondrial DNA
The Y chromosome is passed exclusively through the male line — from father to son — making Y-STR testing ideal for tracing paternal ancestry. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited by all children from their mother and can trace maternal lineage.
Reading Results
Interpreting Your Report
All paternity reports include a Probability of Paternity figure. Here’s what the two outcomes mean.
≥99.999%
Inclusion — Paternity Confirmed
When the alleged father shares DNA with the child at every marker, we report a probability of paternity of 99.999% or higher. A figure of 99% is the accepted threshold for paternity.
0%
Exclusion — Not the Father
When the alleged father does not carry the child’s paternal DNA, the probability of paternity is 0%. He must be excluded at a minimum of three DNA markers to be excluded as the father.